Ifilimu yepulasitiki njengento yokunyathelisa, inyatheliswa njengesikhwama sokupakisha, esinokukhanya nokusobala, ukumelana nomswakama kanye nokumelana nomoya-mpilo, ukuqina komoya okuhle, ukuqina nokumelana nokugoqeka, indawo ebushelelezi, ingavikela umkhiqizo, futhi ingakhiqiza kabusha ukuma komkhiqizo, umbala kanye nezinye izinzuzo. Ngokuthuthuka komkhakha we-petrochemical, izinhlobo eziningi zefilimu yepulasitiki, ifilimu yepulasitiki ye-polyethylene (PE) evame ukusetshenziswa, i-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), i-polystyrene (PS), ifilimu ye-polyester (PET), i-polypropylene (PP), i-nylon (PA) njalo njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi zefilimu yepulasitiki, umenzi wokupakisha ochwepheshe oguquguqukayo uShunfa upakisha ucabanga ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuqonda izici zefilimu yepulasitiki ngaphambi kwezikhwama zokupakisha ezenziwe ngokwezifiso. Ihlungwe ngokukhethekile izici zezinhlobo ezingu-11 zefilimu yepulasitiki ngaphansi kwesikhwama sokupakisha ukuze ubhekisele kuzo.
1. I-Polyvinyl chloride (i-PVC)
Izinzuzo zefilimu ye-PVC kanye ne-PET ziyafana, futhi ziyafana nezici zokucaca, ukukwazi ukuphefumula, ukumelana ne-asidi kanye ne-alkali. Izikhwama zokudla eziningi zakuqala zenziwe ngezikhwama ze-PVC. Kodwa-ke, i-PVC ingakhipha ama-carcinogen ngenxa yokungapheleli kwe-polymerization yama-monomers athile enkambisweni yokukhiqiza, ngakho-ke ayifanele ukugcwalisa izinto ezisezingeni lokudla, futhi eziningi ziye zashintshela ezikhwameni zokupakisha ze-PET, okumaka uphawu lwezinto ukuthi yiNombolo 3.
2. I-Polystyrene (PS)
Ukumuncwa kwamanzi kwefilimu ye-PS kuphansi, kodwa ukuzinza kwayo ngobukhulu kungcono, futhi ingacutshungulwa ngokudubula idayisi, ukucindezela idayisi, i-extrusion kanye ne-thermoforming. Ngokuvamile, ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili zokukhipha igwebu kanye nokukhipha igwebu kuye ngokuthi idlule yini enkambisweni yokukhipha igwebu. I-Unfoamed PS isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokwakha, amathoyizi, izinto zokubhala, njll., futhi ingenziwa futhi ngezitsha ezigcwele imikhiqizo yobisi ebilisiwe, njll. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izitsha zokudla ezilahlwayo, futhi uphawu lwezinto luyiNombolo 6.
3. I-Polypropylene (PP)
Ifilimu ejwayelekile ye-PP isebenzisa ukubumba okuvuthayo, inqubo elula kanye nezindleko eziphansi, kodwa ukusebenza kokukhanya kuphansi kancane kune-CPP kanye ne-BOPP. Isici esikhulu se-PP ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu (cishe -20 ° C ~120 ° C), kanti iphuzu lokuncibilika liphezulu njengo-167 ° C, elifanele ukugcwalisa ubisi lwesoya, ubisi lwelayisi neminye imikhiqizo edinga ukuhlanza umusi. Ubulukhuni bayo buphakeme kune-PE, esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izivalo zesitsha, kanti uphawu lwezinto luyiNombolo 5. Ngokuvamile, i-PP inobulukhuni obuphezulu, futhi ubuso bukhanya kakhulu, futhi abukhiphi iphunga elinamandla lapho livutha, kuyilapho i-PE inephunga elinzima lekhandlela.
4. Ifilimu yePolyester (i-PET)
Ifilimu ye-polyester (PET) iyipulasitiki yobunjiniyela be-thermoplastic. Izinto zefilimu ezincane ezenziwe ngeshidi elijiyile ngendlela yokukhipha kanye nokwelula okubili. Ifilimu ye-polyester ibonakaliswa yizakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemishini, ukuqina okuphezulu, ubulukhuni nokuqina, ukumelana nokubhoboza, ukumelana nokungqubuzana, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi, ukumelana namakhemikhali, ukumelana namafutha, ukuqina komoya kanye nokulondolozwa okuhle kwephunga, ingenye yezingxenye zefilimu ezihlanganisiwe ezivame ukusetshenziswa ukumelana nokuvuleka, kodwa ukumelana ne-corona kubi, intengo iphezulu. Ubukhulu befilimu ngokuvamile bungu-0.12mm, okuvame ukusetshenziswa njengezinto zangaphandle zesikhwama sokupakisha ukudla, futhi ukuphrinta kuhle. Maka uphawu lwezinto 1 kumkhiqizo wepulasitiki.
5. Inayiloni (PA)
Ifilimu yepulasitiki ye-nylon (i-polyamide PA) okwamanje iwumkhiqizo wezimboni wezinhlobo eziningi, lapho izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezisetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ifilimu yi-nylon 6, i-nylon 12, i-nylon 66 njalo njalo. Ifilimu ye-nylon iyifilimu eqinile kakhulu, ebonakala kahle, futhi inokukhanya okuhle. Amandla okubamba, amandla okubamba, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi, ukumelana nowoyela, ukumelana nesinyibilikisi sezinto eziphilayo, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nokubhoboza kuhle kakhulu, futhi ifilimu ithambile, ukumelana nomoya-mpilo okuhle kakhulu, kodwa isithiyo somusi wamanzi asisihle, ukumuncwa komswakama, ukungena komswakama kukhulu, futhi ukuvalwa kokushisa akukuhle. Kufanelekela ukupakisha izimpahla eziqinile, njengokudla okunamafutha, ukudla okuthosiwe, ukudla kokupakisha okune-vacuum, ukudla kokupheka, njll.
6. I-Polyethylene Enobuningi Obuphezulu (i-HDPE)
Ifilimu ye-HDPE ibizwa ngokuthi i-geomembrane noma ifilimu engangenwa amanzi. Indawo yayo yokuncibilika icishe ibe ngu-110℃-130℃, kanti ubuningi bayo obuhlobene bungu-0.918-0.965kg/cm3. Iyi-crystallinity ephezulu, i-non-polar thermoplastic resin, ukubukeka kwe-HDPE yokuqala kumhlophe njengobisi, engxenyeni encane ebanzi enezinga elithile lokukhanya. Inokumelana okuhle namazinga okushisa aphezulu naphansi kanye nokumelana nomthelela, ngisho noma ku--40F amazinga okushisa aphansi. Ukuqina kwayo kwamakhemikhali, ukuqina, ukuqina, amandla omshini, izakhiwo zamandla okudabuka zinhle kakhulu, futhi ngokwanda kobuningi, izakhiwo zemishini, izakhiwo zokuvimbela, amandla okudonsa kanye nokumelana nokushisa kuzothuthukiswa ngokufanele, kungamelana ne-acid, i-alkali, izinyibilikisi eziphilayo kanye nokunye ukugqwala. Ukuhlonza: ikakhulukazi akubonakali, kuzwakala njenge-wax, ukuhlikihla isikhwama sepulasitiki noma ukuhlikihla lapho kugqwala.
7. I-Polyethylene Ephansi Yobuningi (LDPE)
Ubuningi befilimu ye-LDPE buphansi, buthambile, bumelana nokushisa okuphansi, ukumelana nomthelela ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali kuhle, ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile i-asidi (ngaphandle kwe-asidi enamandla yokuxilisa), i-alkali, ukugqwala kosawoti, kanye nokufakwa kahle kukagesi. I-LDPE isetshenziswa kakhulu ezikhwameni zepulasitiki, uphawu lwezinto ezibonakalayo luyiNombolo 4, futhi imikhiqizo yayo isetshenziswa kakhulu kwezobunjiniyela bezokwakha kanye nemikhakha yezolimo, njenge-geomemofilm, ifilimu yezolimo (ifilimu yeshedi, ifilimu ye-mulch, ifilimu yokugcina, njll.). Ukuhlonza: Isikhwama sepulasitiki esenziwe nge-LDPE sithambile, asishisi kakhulu lapho sixova, ifilimu yepulasitiki yangaphandle yokupakishwa ithambile futhi kulula ukuyidabula i-LDPE, kanti ifilimu ye-PVC noma ye-PP eqina kakhulu iba buthakathaka futhi iqine.
8. I-Polyvinyl Alcohol (i-PVA)
Ifilimu ehlanganisiwe ye-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) high barrier iyifilimu enesakhiwo sokuvimbela esiphezulu esakhiwe ngokumboza uketshezi oluncibilika emanzini olushintshiwe lwe-polyvinyl alcohol esisekelweni sepulasitiki ye-polyethylene. Ngenxa yokuthi ifilimu ehlanganisiwe ye-polyvinyl alcohol high barrier inezakhiwo ezinhle zokuvimbela futhi ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo, amathuba emakethe ale nto yokupakisha akhanya kakhulu, futhi kunendawo enkulu yemakethe embonini yokudla.
9. Ifilimu ye-polypropylene ekhipha uphethiloli (i-CPP)
Ifilimu ye-Casting polypropylene (CPP) uhlobo lwefilimu ye-flat extrusion enganwebeki, engaqondiswanga ekhiqizwa ukupholisa i-melt casting quench. Ibonakala ngesivinini sokukhiqiza esisheshayo, isivuno esikhulu, ukucaca kwefilimu, ukucwebezela, impahla yokuvimbela, ubumnene, ukufana kobukhulu kuhle, ingamelana nokupheka okushisa okuphezulu (izinga lokushisa lokupheka elingaphezu kuka-120 ° C) kanye nokuvala ukushisa okuphansi (izinga lokushisa lokuvala ukushisa elingaphansi kuka-125 ° C), ibhalansi yokusebenza inhle kakhulu. Umsebenzi wokulandelela ofana nokuphrinta, i-composite ilula, isetshenziswa kabanzi ezindwangu, ukudla, ukupakisha izidingo zansuku zonke, ukwenza i-substrate yangaphakathi yokupakisha okuhlanganisiwe, kungandisa impilo yeshelufu yokudla, kwandise ubuhle.
10. Ifilimu ye-polypropylene eqondiswayo (BOPP)
Ifilimu ye-polypropylene ye-Biaxial (BOPP) iyinto ecacile neguquguqukayo yesikhwama sokupakisha esakhiwe ngawo-1960, okuwumugqa wokukhiqiza okhethekile wokuxuba izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-polypropylene kanye nezithasiselo ezisebenzayo, ukuncibilikisa nokuxuba, ukwenza amashidi, bese wenza ifilimu ngokwelula. Le filimu ayinazo nje izinzuzo zokuxinana okuphansi, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokumelana okuhle nokushisa kwe-resin yokuqala ye-PP, kodwa futhi inezakhiwo ezinhle zokukhanya, amandla aphezulu omshini, imithombo ecebile yezinto zokusetshenziswa, izakhiwo ezinhle zokuphrinta, futhi ingahlanganiswa nephepha, i-PET nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo. Ngencazelo ephezulu kanye nokucwebezela, ukumuncwa kweyinki okuhle kakhulu kanye nokunamathela kokumboza, amandla aphezulu okuthamba, izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokuvimbela uwoyela, izici eziphansi ze-electrostatic.
11. Ifilimu eyenziwe ngensimbi
Ifilimu eyenziwe ngensimbi inezici zefilimu yepulasitiki kanye nensimbi. Indima yokufakwa kwe-aluminium ebusweni befilimu ukuvimba ukukhanya nokuvimbela imisebe ye-ultraviolet, enweba impilo yeshelufu yokuqukethwe futhi ithuthukise ukukhanya kwefilimu, ithathe indawo ye-aluminium foil ngezinga elithile, futhi inezakhiwo zokuvimbela ezishibhile, ezinhle nezinhle. Ngakho-ke, ifilimu eyenziwe ngensimbi isetshenziswa kabanzi ekupakisheni okuhlanganisiwe, ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa kumabhisikidi nakwezinye izinto zokupakisha ukudla okomile, okukhukhumele, imithi kanye nezimonyo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-19-2023